What causes prostate cancer?
The prostate is a small gland located just below the bladder. It produces seminal fluid, which nourishes and transports semen. Prostate cancer occurs when abnormal cells form in the prostate gland and grow uncontrollably.
What are the risk factors for prostate cancer?
While experts don’t know what causes these abnormal cells to form, there are risk factors that make it more likely that you’ll develop prostate cancer, such as:
- Age: Prostate cancer is more common in men over 65 and rare in men under 40.
- Ethnicity: Prostate cancer is more common and more likely to be aggressive in African-American men.
- Place of residence: You are more likely to develop prostate cancer if you live in North America, northwestern Europe, Australia, or the Caribbean.
- Family history: You are twice as likely to develop prostate cancer if you have a brother or father who had it.
- What are the symptoms of prostate cancer?
Early prostate cancer has few or no symptoms, but the earlier you catch it, the better your chances of beating it. Symptoms to look out for include:
- Problems urinating, which can include a weak stream and the urge to urinate more frequently, especially at night
- Low back or pelvic pain
- Blood in urine or semen
- Erectile dysfunction
How is prostate cancer diagnosed?
If you’re experiencing symptoms or suspect you may have prostate cancer, contact Dr. Klope for a thorough prostate exam. Dr. Klope starts with a physical exam and medical history.
The next step in diagnosing prostate cancer is a digital rectal exam to look for abnormal bumps or hardened lumps on your prostate. Then, blood is taken to test your levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). PSA in small amounts is normal; high levels of PSA in your prostate warrant further tests.
If your initial exam reveals any abnormalities or cause for concern, the next step is a transrectal ultrasound (TRUS). This in-office procedure uses sound waves to create a picture of your prostate gland where Dr. Klope can look for signs of tumors.
If the TRUS shows signs of cancer, the final diagnostic test is a prostate biopsy. Dr. Klope collects cells from your prostate for a lab to determine if cancer cells are present. In the event of an advanced stage prostate cancer diagnosis, Dr. Klope will provide a referral to an oncologist who can provide you with the care you need.
If you’re experiencing prostate cancer symptoms or have a family history of the disease, call to schedule a consultation or book one online today.
